Current implementation of informed consent among counselors in Beijing / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objects:To investigate the current situation of counselors'implementation and their attitude to informed consent in Beijing.Methods:Eleven counselors who worked in Beijing were interviewed,the average of their working years was (7.4 ± 4.4).A semi-structured interview was used to learn about their practicing processes in and viewpoints on informed consent,and their interview transcripts were analyzed through qualitative method.Results:The results could be categorized into four categories,including the content of informed consent,the influential factors of informed consent,problems and confusions,and the significance of informed consent.The crucial role of informed consent in psychotherapy was generally recognized by counselors,and they could obey the related rules as well.The therapists had some confusion and problems about informed consent,such as the form and length,the consent for special population and online consultation.Conclusion:Basically,the counselors in Beijing could comply with the ethical standards of informed consent.However,they also suggest that certain limitations of these rules should be noticed.

Clinical Observation of the Leonurus artemisia Cream versus Dan’e Fukang Cream in the Treatment of Pri-mary Dysmenorrhea / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy and safety of Leonurus artemisia cream and Dan’e fukang cream in the treat-ment of primary dysmenorrhea. METHODS:80 patients with primary dysmenorrheal were randomly divided into L. artemisia cream group (40 cases) and Dan’e fukang cream group (40 cases). L. artemisia cream group received L. artemisia cream 10 g, orally,twice a day. Dan’e fukang cream group received Dan’e fukang cream 10 g,orally,twice a day. The treatment was stated before 10 days of menstruation. 10 days was regarded as 1 treatment course,and it lasted for 6 courses. Cold drink and food were forbid during medication,washing face and feet with warm water,soaking feet with hot water if they can,paying attention to keep the lower abdomen and legs warm. If patients felt unbearable pain in menstruation,0.3 g Ibuprofen sustained release capsule was given,orally twice a day. Clinical efficacy,symptom score(dysmenorrhea degree,abdominal pain,lumbosacral pain)before and af-ter treatment,dysmenorrhea duration,frequency of taking painkillers and the incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups were ob-served. RESULTS:There were no significant differences in the total effective rate and the incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups (P>0.05). Before treatment,there were no significant differences in dysmenorrhea degree,abdominal pain,lumbosacral pain score,dysmenorrheal duration and frequency of taking painkillers in 2 groups (P>0.05). After treatment,the dysmenorrhea degree,abdominal pain,lumbosacral pain score in 2 groups were significantly lower than before,and Dan’e fukang cream group was lower than L. artemisia cream group with statistical sighificance(P0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Both L. artemisia cream and Dan’e fukang cream have good efficacy and safety in the treat-ment of primary dysmenorrhea,while Dan’e fukang cream is superior to L. artemisia cream in terms of improving clinical symp-toms.

Advances in Study on MicroRNAs and their Target Genes in Occurrence,Development and Treatment of Gastric Cancer / 胃肠病学

MicroRNAs( miRNAs)are a family of endogenous noncoding small RNA molecules that are approximately 20 nucleotides in length. Aberrant expression or dysfunction of miRNAs and subsequent dysregulation of their target genes might be involved in the occurrence and development of various cancers. Gastric cancer is a leading malignant disease worldwide. Recent studies have shown that some miRNAs are closely associated with the proliferation,migration,invasion, apoptosis and chemosensitivity of gastric cancer cells by regulating their target genes. Advances in study on gastric cancer-related miRNAs,their target genes,and the use of miRNAs-targeted therapy in gastric cancer were reviewed in this article.

Relationship between UGT1A1 gene polymorphisms and toxicity of irinotecan-based chemotherapy ;in colorectal cancer / 中国癌症杂志

Background and purpose: Uridine diphosphoglucu-ronosyl transferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) is an important enzyme for metabolism of irinotecan. The activity of UGT1A1 enzyme was significantly affected by the gene polymorphism. This study aimed to investigate the correlation of UGT1A1*28 and *6 gene polymorphisms with irinotecan-based chemotherapy in colorectal cancer(CRC). Methods: Analysis of UGT1A1*28 and *6 gene polymorphisms was performed in 160 gastrointestinal cancer patients admitted to Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University from Apr. 2013 to Dec. 2013 by amplifying the gene fragments using PCR, STR and Sanger sequencing. Eighty-two cases with CRC treated with irinotecan were chosen to observe the adverse events during chemotherapy. The incidence of different genotypes was compared. Results:The distribution of the genotypes in 160 gastrointestinal cancer patients was as followed:UGT1A1*28 wild-type genotype TA6/6 (124, 77.5%), heterozygous genotype TA6/7 (33, 20.5%), and homozygous genotype TA7/7 (3, 2.0%);UGT1A1*6 wild-type genotype GG (105, 65.6%), heterozygous genotype GA (48, 30.0%), and homozygous genotype AA (7, 4.4%). In the 82 CRC cases, the incidences of grade 3 and 4 neutropenia in the patients carrying UGT1A1*28 (TA6/7+TA7/7 ) were higher than those in the WT genotype (TA6/6) (58.3%vs 0.0, P<0.001), and increased the total incidence of adverse events (76.0%vs 45.6%, P<0.001). There was no signiifcant relevance between UGT1A1*6 genotype, age, gender chemotherapy and adverse events. Conclusion:In the CRC cases with irinotecan-based chemotherapy, the UGT1A1*28 (TA6/7+TA7/7) genotype signiifcantly increased the risk of grade 3 and 4 neutropenia. Detecting UGT1A1 gene polymorphisms may guide individualized treatment and predict adverse events.

Influence of 17AAG on proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cell and its mechanism / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of 17-allylamino-demethoxygeldanamycin (17AAG) on the proliferative and invasive ability of gastric cancer cells and associated mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The proliferative ability was tested by MTT method and the cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry(FCM) when 17AAG was used to treat gastric cancer cell SGC7901. Apoptosis was detected by FCM and PI-Annexin V double staining. The invasive ability was tested by transwell method. Expression of HSP90, HSP70, c-met and AKT was detected by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The growth of SGC7901 cells was inhibited after the administration of 17AAG, and the inhibitation was dose- and time-dependent. The cell cycle was blocked at the G0/G1 phase. The apoptotic ratio in 17AAG group was much higher than that in blank group and DMSO group (P<0.01). The cellular invasive ability decreased significantly (P<0.01). The expression of HSP70 was elevated by 17AAG, and the expression of c-met and AKT was down-regulated, but no change of HSP90 was observed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>17AAG can inhibit the proliferative and invasive ability of SGC7901 cells, and induces apoptosis through down-regulating the expression of HSP90 client proteins instead of the target HSP90 itself.</p>

Five Cases Report of Solid Tumor Synchronously with Hematologic Malignancy / Journal of the Korean Cancer Association, 대한암학회지

The reported incidence of synchronous multiple primary cancer (SMPC) is rare, and it is even less common to observe synchronous solid tumor with a hematological malignancy. We report five cases of solid tumor presented synchronously with hematological malignancy, all observed within a 2 year period at the oncology department of a university hospital in Shanghai, China. These individual cases included lung adenocarcinoma with chronic myelogenous leukemia, colon cancer with solitary plasmocytoma, gastric adenocarcinoma with diffuse large B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, lung adenocarcinoma with multiple myeloma, and colon cancer with diffuse large B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. It is challenging to therapeutically control the biological behavior of concurrent multiple primary tumors, and there is no standard treatment for such rare conditions. In this paper we discuss these five cases of SMPC and their treatments.

Surgical therapy for treating the fracture and dislocation of talus in 21 patients / 国际外科学杂志

Objective To evaluate the surgical therapy on dislocated fracture of talus. Methods Retrospective analysis was mode in 21 patients with dislocated fracture of talus collected from Jan. 2004 to Jan.2010, which were treated with open reduction, cannulated screw fixation, and kept neutral position plaster fixation with no weight loading, to do functional exercise depending on the Ⅹ film demonstrations. Results All the patients were followed up from 6 months to 3.8 years post-operation, and according to the evaluation standard by American Foot-Ankle Surgery Society, good rate was 61.91%. Conclusion Treating dislocated fracture of talus with emergency operation, anatomical reduction, valid internal fixation and no weight loading plaster fixation post-operation, shows good effect with low rate of complication.

Advances in palliative chemotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer / 中国癌症杂志

With a high invasive ability and poor prognosis, the morbidity of pancreatic cancer is about 98%.Combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is the primary management for locoregionally advanced pancreatic cancer, but its efficacy is limited. Results from a number of meta-analysis have confirmed that gemcitabine is associated with significantly better clinical response and one-year overall survival rates;therefore, currently gemcitabine is the standard chemotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer. Gemcitabine-based multi-drug regimens may have potentially favorable effects on patients' survival. However, evidence from phase Ⅲ clinical trials is lacking. Newer chemotherapy and targeted therapy agents are clearly needed for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.

K-ras status and efficacy of cetuximab-containing regimen in the treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer / 中国癌症杂志

Background and purpose: Cetuximab-containing regimen has been increasingly applied in the treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Simultaneously, the predictive factors of outcome for cetuximab have been thoroughly researched. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between K-ras status and efficacy of cetuximab containing regimen in the treatment of patients with metastatic eolorectal cancer. Methods: Between March 2006 and June 2008, twenty-seven patients with metastatic colorectal cancer were treated with cetuximab in combination with chemotherapy. The K-ras mutation status [wild-type (wt) or mutation (nat)] was examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing. The influence of K-ras mutation status on efficacy of cetuximab-containing regimen was analyzed. Results: For 27 patiants in this cohort, K-ras wt was detected in 55.6% (15/27) cases and K-ras mt in 44.4% (12/27) cases. Statistically significant differences were found between the patients with K-ras wt and K-ras mt in terms of overall response rate (ORR) (66.7% vs 25.0%,P=0.035) and progression-free survival (PFS) (8 months vs 4 months, P=0.0028). However, there was no significant difference in overall survival (OS) (19 months vs 12 months, P>0.05). The most common treatment-related adverse effect was skin reaction, with incidence rate of 80.0% and 66.7% (P>0.05), respectively. No treatment related death was observed. Conclusion: K-ras mutation status is a predictive factor of good efficacy of cetuximab-containing regimen in the treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Patients with K-ras wt could benefit from cetuximab in combination with chemotherapy.

Pathological development of gastric mucosa in Helicobacter pylori related diseases / 中华消化杂志

Objective To study relationship of Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) eradication and pathological development of gastric mucosa among H.pylori related diseases. Methods One hundred and ninty one H.pylori infected patients were randomly given anti H.pylori or non anti H.pylori medications, and endoscopic examination was repeated one year after the treatment. Pathological classification was followed the Sydney system. Results Among 191 patients, degree of chronic inflammation of gastric mucosa had ameliorated ( P

A meta-analysis of isosorbide-5-mononitrate in prevention of esophageal variceal bleeding / 中华消化杂志

Objective Isosorbide-5-mononitrate(ISMN), a long-acting venous dilator,has been shown to decrease portal pressure and used in cirrhotic patients to prevent esophageal variceal bleeding(EVB). We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate ISMN in prevention of EVB. Methods Data from Medline(1968-2003), EMBASE(1986-2003), Cochrane Library(issue 3,2003),CJFD(1994-2003) were searched to retrieve randomized controlled trials comparing ISMN combined with or without other treatments to placebo or other treatments in prevention of EVB.Outcome measure was odds ratio( OR ) of bleeding rate. Mantel-Haeszel method was used in fixed model, while Der Simonian and Laird methods were used in random model. Results Seven trials were identified including prevention of first bleeding and rebleeding. The results of meta-analysis indicated that ISMN had no effect on prevention of EVB[study group vs control group: 88/463 vs 117/465, random model: OR (95% CI ): 0.63(0.37, 1.08 )]. Based on sensitivity analysis compared with control group, ISMN had no effect [43/314 vs 40/314, fixed model: OR :0.63(0.37, 1.08)]on prevention of first bleeding, but had therapeutic efficacy [45/149 vs 77/151, fixed model: OR :0.39 (0.24,0.65)]on prevention of rebleeding. Combination therapy of ISMN and ?-blocker revealed more effective than single therapy with ?-blocker[53/327 vs 74/329, fixed model: OR :0.64(0.42, 0.98)]in prevention of rebleeding [25/80 vs 41/81, fixed model: OR :0.44(0.23, 0.85 )], but had no significant difference in prevention of first bleeding[28/247 vs 33/248, fixed model: 0.84(0.48, 1.44)]. Conclusions ISMN is effective in prevention of esophageal variceal rebleeding. Furthermore , combination with ?-blockers has more therapeutic efficacy in prevention of esophageal variceal rebleeding.

The expression of survivin gene in gastric cancerous tissue and its relationship with gastric cancer prognosis / 中华消化杂志

Objective To explore the expression of survivin gene in gastric cancerous tissue and its relationship with gastric cancer prognosis. Methods All the samples were obtained from patients with gastric cancer who underwent surgery in Zhongshan Hospital from July 1995 to June 1996.“ Envision two steps”of immunochemistry was used to detect survivin expression in the resected gastric cancerous tissue.TNM stages were determined by pathological diagnosis and clinical status.All the cases were followed up at least 5 year or until death.The discrepancy of survivin expression was compared in different pathological types and TNM stages.Survivial curves were compared in the two groups with or without survivin expression. Results Totally 96 cases(male/female:59/37;age:29-84 years old,mean age 56) were recruited and survivin expression rate was 70.8%(68/96).Among pathological types,78 cases were adenocarcinoma,18 were non-adenocarcinoma.Survivin expression was similar in different pathological types (69.7% in adenocarcinoma vs.60.0% in non-adenocarcinoma,P=0.369).Among adenocarcinoma,survivin expression rate was higher in poorly differentiated group than that in well differentiated one(82.1% vs. 62.5%,P=0.053).As the infiltration denoted in adenocarcinoma,the expression rates of survivin were 33.3% in cases limited to mucosa and submucosa,81.3% in cases limited to muscularis layer and 75.9% in cases infiltrated to whole layers (P= 0.020).Expression rate of survivin was not related with lymph node metastasis(68.1% vs.70.8%,P= 0.771).Five-year survival rate in 68 survivin positive cases was 42.93%,lower than 52.93% of 28 survivin negative cases,but no statistical difference was observed. Conclusions Survivin is highly expressed in gastric cancer.Survivin expression is closely related with differentiation status of adenocarcinoma and degree of infiltration.Further studies are needed to evaluate its role in the prognosis of gastric cancer.